The principle behind heavy duty lathes is no different from that of table lathes. A workpiece is mounted between a headstock and a tailstock, and an electric motor brings it into a constant rotation speed, where it is processed using a tool attached to the carriage. With a CNC heavy duty lathe, the process is no longer manual, but rather predetermined by a program.
SEFAC Heavy duty
lathe in use
The dimensions of heavy duty lathes require certain adjustments: depending on the size, shape, and type of the workpiece being processed, it is possible to install support bearings on the lathe in order to prevent the workpiece from bending or slacking. In addition, the chips produced by heavy duty lathes are generally larger, hotter, and faster than those from smaller hand-operated machines.
This is why heavy duty lathes are generally very thoroughly encapsulated and enclosed. Open heavy duty lathes are therefore only permissible for particularly soft materials or slow rotation speeds. This also makes maintenance and in particular cleaning more difficult. Heavy duty lathes are not appropriate tools for inexperienced operators. For table-top lathes, a course in basic machining may be enough to achieve usable results. However, when dealing with heavy duty lathes, both the machines and the workpieces are much more expensive, so their use is restricted to experienced and specially trained operators.